R语言中的ggplot2包里面的风格固定，在需要特殊的图形时，需要更改甚至自定义设置主题。本文展示ggplot2包里的八种默认的主题，并介绍扩展包ggthemes去自定义主题内容。
八种主题函数汇总表
|
主题函数 |
效果 |
|
theme_bw() |
网格白色主题 |
|
theme_classic() |
经典主题 |
|
theme_dark() |
暗色主题，可用于对比 |
|
theme_gray() |
默认主题 |
|
theme_light() |
浅色坐标带网格 |
|
theme_linedraw() |
黑色网格线 |
|
theme_minimal() |
极简主题 |
|
theme_void() |
空白主题 |
主题汇总图
代码：
p1 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) +
theme_bw() +
labs(title = "网格白色主题")+ theme(legend.position = "none")
p2 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) +
theme_classic() +
labs(title = "经典主题")+ theme(legend.position = "none")
p3 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) +
theme_dark() +
labs(title = "暗色主题，可用于对比")+ theme(legend.position = "none")
p4 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) +
theme_gray() +
labs(title = "默认主题")+ theme(legend.position = "none")
p5 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) +
theme_light() +
labs(title = "浅色坐标带网格")+ theme(legend.position = "none")
p6 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) +
theme_linedraw() +
labs(title = "黑色网格线")+ theme(legend.position = "none")
p7 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) +
theme_minimal() +
labs(title = "极简主题")+ theme(legend.position = "none")
p8 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) +
theme_void() +
labs(title = "空白主题")+ theme(legend.position = "none")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6,p7,p8, nrow=2)
自定义主题：
theme_wj <- function(..., bg='white'){
require(grid)
theme_bw(...) +
theme(rect=element_rect(fill=bg),
plot.margin=unit(rep(0.5,4), 'lines'),
panel.background=element_rect(fill='transparent', color='transparent'),
panel.border=element_rect(fill='transparent', color='black',size = 1.6),
# panel.grid=element_blank(),
axis.title = element_text(color='black', vjust=0.1),
axis.ticks.length = unit(-0.3,"lines"),
axis.title.x =element_text(size=14, color="black" ),
axis.title.y=element_text(size=14, color="black"),
axis.text.x = element_text(size=14, color="black" ),
axis.text.y=element_text(size=14, color="black"),
axis.ticks = element_line(colour = "grey20"),
legend.title=element_blank(),
legend.key=element_rect(fill='transparent', color='transparent'))
}
P9 <- ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, col = class, shape = class)) +
theme_wj() +
labs(title = "自定义主题")+ theme(legend.position = "none")
扩展包
如果感觉上面的主题话没有你满意的可以去加载ggthemes包，里面会有更加个性化的参数，创作出你想要的主题。